̰һ?(yu)̰
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1P(gun)ČW(xu)R(sh)•ɣλҵr
2xnw(hu)~Čɫ
3w֪£µČӴνY(ji)(gu)
4ĦP(gun)Z(y)ƷζZ(y)ɫ
̌W(xu)c(din)
иxnĦҪZ(y)
̌W(xu)yc(din)
ھµӃ(ni)N(yn)͌W(xu)YxϢϢB(yng)
̌W(xu)þߡ
C(j)ͶӰx
̌W(xu)
xR(sh)ӛ(do)
̌W(xu)r(sh)(sh)
һnr(sh)
̌W(xu)^(gu)̡
һn}BƷ
•ɣ
(1)Ն•ɣ(1840~1876)
•ɣ(gu)ŮСf(shu)180471ڰ(gu)¸l(f)˵һL(zhng)ƪСf(shu)فȡ(1832)һeСľСʷ(1840)ؐ(i)}(1843)ĥ(1845)187667•ɣƷ茑(x)āĹPL(fng)ίк(qing)ĸȾ
(2)˽(l802~1885)
(gu)Ԋ(sh)Сf(shu)19o(j)ǰڷeOxČW(xu)\(yn)(dng)I(lng)(gu)ČW(xu)ʷԽҡһ(dng)̈́(chung)Ҫ˼˵x(du)Ԑ(i)“”Ą(chung)L(zhng)_(d)60ǣʥĸԺK硷꡷L(zhng)ƪСf(shu)Ԋ(sh)Ԋ(sh)(i)ᡷo(gu)ČW(xu)Ļ(k)һʮx͵Ļza(chn)
xnģ혽Y(ji)(gu)
1n(̎x) (tng)xҪ
(bio);(bio)~;(bio)֮̎;(bio)y֮̎
2xnģ얹 (tng)xЧ
3zxЧ
(1)~J(rn)x
(yì) (i)Ľ(mù) J(qn)C(sù ) A(bng)d(zai)u(y) n(qióng)
(2)~Z(y)Ľ
J壺
(d)һo(w)](mi)ͬ;](mi)пԱȔM
Aԣ˵ı(zhng)du(y)(zhng)Øsu(y)(li)s
ɽһӸ(wn)̵Á(li)(jin)Ʉ(dng)u
ӸR£̎ڸ̎ҕ
ĨɷһPNȫӛ
zٛ(zng)ٛ(zng)c
(3)Y(ji)(gu)
•1ָش
•2_
һ(1-7)•ɣmȻȥˣ˼Ămq
ڶ(8-16)߶u(png)r(ji)˼̖(ho)˂^^m(x)ǰM(jn)
(17)(g)Ї@̖(ho)Y(ji)ȫģԳߵľ
xnĦZ(y)
1СMչʾɹ
2c(din)y֮̎
(1)ߞʲôf(shu)“•ɣ҂@(g)r(sh)Ъ(d)һo(w)ĵλ”?
{?yn)飺(jin)?bull;ɣ@(g)r(sh)ĵ䷶ʹĜᣬ˵IJA`ܳƷ}
(2)13“҂ (tng)(qing)Ძ”“(qing)Ძ”ָʲô?{چ•ɣ@ӵĂ˵ľָ˂һ(hu)^B(qing)ƴȡµM(jn)}
(3)13“һNʧһNオR”@ɷN“”քeָʲô?
{ǰָָ˼}
(4)14“صĴϨ̓ٵĹ”ָʲô?
{ָ?jng)(g)w}
ġxn̽(x)(ji)
1һ_ʼͱʹ\(chng)f(shu)“Ҟһλ߿@λ¾”v^^ȫģߞʲôҪ֮֮¾?
{ČW(xu)ϵijɾDZM˽֪пڽԱf(shu);һ(g)˵ijɾ֪һ棺õƷ¡ĵλh(yun)Ӱcx}
291011κ͵14ζˆɣ.ؕI(xin)̓r(ji)ֵǷ؏(f)_?
{؏(f)91011nj•ɣ(du)F(xin)ؕI(xin)ȡõijɹ14nj(du)˼Ӱ}
3һµ12еʲô?
{φµáЌ(du)(dng)ǰؕI(xin)u(png)r(ji)^(gu)ɵ(du)Ӱ푵ٝP(yng)}
4ж̎õ@Щʲô?
{߰ц•ɣͬ(dng)r(sh)ȣͻIJAĂλ;߀ц•ɣͬһЩ˰ؐ˹͠Rȣͻõ(sh)ڶһMf(shu)•ɣľh(yun)ˌ@úܶľٛ(zng)} 2
СY(ji)
Ƿ(gu)鵿҆•ɣһƪ~(sh)P|p`o(yu)gP(yng)eOM(jn)ȡ^_(d)ߌ(du)ߵğo(w)ȵij羴Եٝ
I(y)
1һ(du)(lin)•ɣĵλ;
2м(x)x•ɣġ֮һƪ500ҵx
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